CARIG Literature References - February, 1998 - June, 1998

(1997) New study shows processed tomato products are a better source of lycopene than fresh tomatoes [news]. Oncology (Huntingt). 11: 1802.

Aas, G.H., Bjerkeng, B., Hatlen, B. & Storebakken, T. (1997) Idoxanthin, a major carotenoid in the flesh of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) fed diets containing astaxanthin. Aquaculture 150: 135-142.

Adelekan, D.A., Adeodu, O.O. & Thurnham, D.I. (1997) Comparative effects of malaria and malnutrition on plasma concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients in children. Ann. Trop. Paediatr. 17: 223-227.

Adelekan, D.A., Fatusi, A.O., Fakunle, J.B., Olotu, C.T., Olukoga, I.A., Jinadu, M.K. & Ojofeitimi, E.O. (1997) Prevalence of malnutrition and vitamin A deficiency in Nigerian preschool children subsisting on high intakes of carotenes. Nutr. Health 12: 17-24.

Ag Bendech, M., Malvy, D.J. & Chauliac, M. (1997) [Vitamin A deficiency: epidemiological aspects and control methods]. Sante. 7: 309-316.

Albrecht, M., Takaichi, S., Misawa, N., Schnurr, G., Boger, P. & Sandmann, G. (1997) Synthesis of atypical cyclic and acyclic hydroxy carotenoids in Escherichia coli transformants. J. Biotechnol. 58: 177-185.

Allard, J.P., Aghdassi, E., Chau, J., Salit, I. & Walmsley, S. (1998) Oxidative stress and plasma antioxidant micronutrients in humans with HIV infection. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 143-147.

Anand, U., Anand, C.V., Chandrika, C. & Agarwal, R. (1997) Interventional therapy with megadose of antioxidant vitamins in patients with acute myocardial infarction: could we throw caution to the winds? [letter; comment]. Am. J. Cardiol. 80: 823-824.

Arechiga, C.F., Staples, C.R., McDowell, L.R. & Hansen, P.J. (1998) Effects of timed insemination and supplemental beta-carotene on reproduction and milk yield of dairy cows under heat stress. J. Dairy. Sci. 81: 390-402.

Armstrong, N.C., Paganga, G., Brunner, E., Miller, N.J., Nanchahal, K., Shipley, M., Rice-Evans, C.A., Marmot, M.G. & Diplock, A.T. (1997) Reference values for alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in the Whitehall II Study. Free Radic. Res. 27: 207-219.

Atanasova-Goranova, V.K., Dimova, P.I. & Pevicharova, G.T. (1997) Effect of food products on endogenous generation of N-nitrosamines in rats. Br. J. Nutr. 78: 335-345.

Ausich, R.L. (1997) Commerical opportunities for carotenoid production by biotechnology. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2169-2173.

Barth, T.J., Zoller, J., Kubler, A., Born, I.A. & Osswald, H. (1997) Redifferentiation of oral dysplastic mucosa by the application of the antioxidants beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and vitamin C. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67: 368-376.

Barzda, V., Peterman, E.J., van Grondelle, R. & van Amerongen, H. (1998) The influence of aggregation on triplet formation in light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b pigment-protein complex II of green plants. Biochemistry 37: 546-551.

Beno, I., Ondreicka, R., Magalova, T., Brtkova, A. & Grancicova, E. (1997) [Precancerous conditions and carcinomas of the stomach and colorectum-- blood levels of selected micronutrients]. Bratisl. Lek. Listy. 98: 674-677.

Bernard, N., Saintot, M., Astre, C. & Gerber, M. (1998) Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide pollution and effect on plasma antioxidants. Arch. Environ. Health 53: 122-128.

Berr, C., Coudray, C., Bonithon-Kopp, C., Roussel, A.M., Mainard, F. & Alperovitch, A. (1998) Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors in relation to antioxidant status: the EVA Study. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 68: 26-35.

Berry, H., Debat, H. & Garde, V.L. (1998) Oxygen concentration determines regiospecificity in soybean lipoxygenase-1 reaction via a branched kinetic scheme. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 2769-2776.

Biesalski, H.K. & Schaffer, M. (1997) Comparative assessment of the activity of beta-carotene, retinoyl-beta- D-glucuronide and retinoic acid on growth and differentiation of a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67: 357-363.

Bjerkeng, B. (1997) Chromatographic analysis of synthesized astaxanthin -- a handy tool for the ecologist and forensic chemist? Progressive Fish-Culturist 59: 129-140.

Bjerkeng, B., Folling, M., Lagocki, S., Storebakken, T., Olli, J.J. & Alsted, N. (1997) Bioavailability of all-E-astaxanthin and Z-isomers of astaxanthin in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 157: 63-82.

Bjerkeng, B., Refstie, S., Fjalestad, K.T., Storebakken, T., Rodbotten, M. & Roem, A.J. (1997) Quality parameters of the flesh of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as affected by dietary fat content and full-fat soybean meal as a partial substitute for fish meal in the diet. Aquaculture 157: 297-309.

Bohm, V., Peiker, G., Starker, A., Weske, E., Schaarmann, G., Schubert, R., Bitsch, R. & Flachowsky, G. (1997) [Vitamin B1, B2, A and E and beta-carotene content in transitional breast milk and comparative studies in maternal and umbilical cord blood]. Z. Ernahrungswiss. 36: 214-219.

Bohne, M., Struy, H., Gerber, A. & Gollnick, H. (1997) Protection against UVA damage and effects on neutrophil-derived reactive oxygen species by beta-carotene. Inflamm. Res. 46: 425-426.

Boosalis, M.G. (1998) The 1996 John M. Kinney International Award for Nutrition and Metabolism. "Acute phase response and plasma carotenoid concentrations in older women: findings from the Nun Study": background. Nutrition. 14: 72-75.

Braga, C., La Vecchia, C., Negri, E., Franceschi, S. & Parpinel, M. (1997) Intake of selected foods and nutrients and breast cancer risk: an age- and menopause-specific analysis. Nutr. Cancer 28: 258-263.

Bramley, P.M. (1997) The regulation and genetic manipulation of carotenoid biosynthesis in tomato fruit. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2159-2162.

Britton, G., Weesie, R.J., Askin, D., Warburton, J.D., Gallardo-Guerrero, L., Jansen, F.J., de Groot, H.J.M., Lugtenburg, J., Cornard, J.P. & Merlin, J.C. (1997) Carotenoid blues: structural studies on carotenoproteins. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2075-2084.

Brude, I.R., Drevon, C.A., Hjermann, I., Seljeflot, I., Lund-Katz, S., Saarem, K., Sandstad, B., Solvoll, K., Halvorsen, B., Arnesen, H. & Nenseter, M.S. (1997) Peroxidation of LDL from combined-hyperlipidemic male smokers supplied with omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17: 2576-2588.

Canfield, L.M., Giuliano, A.R., Neilson, E.M., Blashil, B.M., Graver, E.J. & Yap, H.H. (1998) Kinetics of the response of milk and serum beta-carotene to daily beta- carotene supplementation in healthy, lactating women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 276-283.

Careri, M., Mangia, A., Manini, P. & Taboni, N. (1996) Determination of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection and with particle beam-mass spectrometry. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 355: 48-56.

Castenmiller, J.J.M. & West, C.E. (1997) Bioavailability of carotenoids. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2145-2150.

Chang, C.Y., Lai, Y.C., Cheng, T.J., Lau, M.T. & Hu, M.L. (1998) Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins, selenium, total sulfhydryl groups and oxidative products in ischemic-stroke patients as compared to matched controls in Taiwan. Free Radic. Res. 28: 15-24.

Christopher, R., Rangaswamy, G.R., Santhoshkumar, N. & Shetty, K.T. (1997) Carotenoderma in metabolic carotenemia. Indian Pediatr. 34: 1032-1034.

Cifuentes, V., Hermosilla, G., Martinez, C., Leon, R., Pincheira, G. & Jimenez, A. (1997) Genetics and electrophoretic karyotyping of wild-type and astaxanthin mutant strains of Phaffia rhodozyma. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 72: 111-117.

Clark, R.M., Yao, L., She, L. & Furr, H.C. (1998) A comparison of lycopene and canthaxanthin absorption: using the rat to study the absorption of non-provitamin A carotenoids. Lipids 33: 159-163.

Clinton, S.K. (1998) Lycopene: chemistry, biology, and implications for human health and disease. Nutr. Rev. 56: 35-51.

Conaway, C.C., Jiao, D., Kelloff, G.J., Steele, V.E., Rivenson, A. & Chung, F.L. (1998) Chemopreventive potential of fumaric acid, N-acetylcysteine, N-(4- hydroxyphenyl) retinamide and beta-carotene for tobacco-nitrosamine- induced lung tumors in A/J mice. Cancer Lett. 124: 85-93.

Coudray, C., Roussel, A.M., Mainard, F., Arnaud, J. & Favier, A. (1997) Lipid peroxidation level and antioxidant micronutrient status in a pre- aging population; correlation with chronic disease prevalence in a French epidemiological study (Nantes, France). J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 16: 584-591.

de Klerk, N.H., Musk, A.W., Ambrosini, G.L., Eccles, J.L., Hansen, J., Olsen, N., Watts, V.L., Lund, H.G., Pang, S.C., Beilby, J. & Hobbs, M.S. (1998) Vitamin A and cancer prevention II: comparison of the effects of retinol and beta-carotene. Int. J. Cancer 75: 362-367.

Delgado-Vargas, F., Paredes-Lopez, O. & Avila-Gonzalez, E. (1998) Effects of sunlight illumination of marigold flower meals on egg yolk pigmentation. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46: 698-706.

Depka, B., Jahns, P. & Trebst, A. (1998) Beta-carotene to zeaxanthin conversion in the rapid turnover of the D1 protein of photosystem II. FEBS Lett. 424: 267-270.

Desai, V.G., Lyn-Cook, L.E., Aidoo, A., Casciano, D.A. & Feuers, R.J. (1997) Modulation of antioxidant enzymes in bleomycin-treated rats by vitamin C and beta-carotene. Nutr. Cancer 29: 127-132.

Dewanji, A., Chanda, S., Si, L., Barik, S. & Matai, S. (1997) Extractability and nutritional value of leaf protein from tropical aquatic plants. Plant Foods. Hum. Nutr. 50: 349-357.

Dixon, Z.R., Shie, F.S., Warden, B.A., Burri, B.J. & Neidlinger, T.R. (1998) The effect of a low carotenoid diet on malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid (MDA-TBA) concentrations in women: a placebo-controlled double- blind study. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 17: 54-58.

Dmitrovskii, A.A., Gessler, N.N., Gomboeva, S.B., Ershov YuV, & Bykhovsky, V.Y. (1997) Enzymatic oxidation of beta-apo-8'-carotenol to beta-apo-14'-carotenal by an enzyme different from beta-carotene-15,15'-dioxygenase. Biochemistry (Mosc). 62: 787-792.

Dorgan, J.F., Sowell, A., Swanson, C.A., Potischman, N., Miller, R., Schussler, N. & Stephenson, H.E.,Jr. (1998) Relationships of serum carotenoids, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium with breast cancer risk: results from a prospective study in Columbia, Missouri (United States). Cancer Causes. Control. 9: 89-97.

Dragsted, L.O., Strube, M. & Leth, T. (1997) Dietary levels of plant phenols and other non-nutritive components: could they prevent cancer? Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 6: 522-528.

Dueker, S.R., Mercer, R.S., Jones, A.D. & Clifford, A.J. (1998) Ion trap mass spectrometry for kinetic studies of stable isotope labeled vitamin A at low enrichments. Anal. Chem. 70: 1369-1374.

Durnev, A.D., Tjurina, L.S., Guseva, N.V., Oreshchenko, A.V., Volgareva, G.M. & Seredenin, S.B. (1998) The influence of two carotenoid food dyes on clastogenic activities of cyclophosphamide and dioxidine in mice. Food Chem. Toxicol. 36: 1-5.

Edge, R., McGarvey, D.J. & Truscott, T.G. (1997) The carotenoids as anti-oxidants--a review. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B. 41: 189-200.

Edge, R. & Truscott, T.G. (1997) Prooxidant and antioxidant reaction mechanisms of carotene and radical interactions with vitamins E and C. Nutrition. 13: 992-994.

Evans, R.W., Shaten, B.J., Day, B.W. & Kuller, L.H. (1998) Prospective association between lipid soluble antioxidants and coronary heart disease in men. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Am. J. Epidemiol. 147: 180-186.

Fan, L., Vonshak, A., Zarka, A. & Boussiba, S. (1998) Does astaxanthin protect Haematococcus against light damage? Z. Naturforsch. [C]. 53: 93-100.

Faulks, R.M., Hart, D.J., Wilson, P.D., Scott, K.J. & Southon, S. (1997) Absorption of all-trans and 9-cis beta-carotene in human ileostomy volunteers. Clin. Sci. (Colch). 93: 585-591.

Ferruzzi, M.G., Sander, L.C., Rock, C.L. & Schwartz, S.J. (1998) Carotenoid determination in biological microsamples using liquid chromatography with a coulometric electrochemical array detector. Anal. Biochem. 256: 74-81.

Forman, M.R., Johnson, E.J., Lanza, E., Graubard, B.I., Beecher, G.R. & Muesing, R. (1998) Effect of menstrual cycle phase on the concentration of individual carotenoids in lipoproteins of premenopausal women: a controlled dietary study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 81-87.

Franceschi, S. (1997) Micronutrients and breast cancer. Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 6: 535-539.

Frank, H.A., Chynwat, V., Desamero, R.Z.B., Farhoosh, R., Erickson, J. & Bautista, J. (1997) On the photophysics and photochemical properties of carotenoids and their role as light-harvesting pigments in photosynthesis. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2117-2124.

Fraser, P.D., Shimada, H. & Misawa, N. (1998) Enzymic confirmation of reactions involved in routes to astaxanthin formation, elucidated using a direct substrate in vitro assay. Eur. J. Biochem. 252: 229-236.

Fukuzawa, K., Inokami, Y., Tokumura, A., Terao, J. & Suzuki, A. (1998) Singlet oxygen scavenging by alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene: kinetic studies in phospholipid membranes and ethanol solution. Biofactors 7: 31-40.

Furr, H.C. & Clark, R.M. (1997) Intestinal absorption and tissue distribution of carotenoids. J. Nutr. Biochem. 8: 364-377.

Garcia-Casal, M.N., Layrisse, M., Solano, L., Baron, M.A., Arguello, F., Llovera, D., Ramirez, J., Leets, I. & Tropper, E. (1998) Vitamin A and beta-carotene can improve nonheme iron absorption from rice, wheat and corn by humans. J. Nutr. 128: 646-650.

Geerling, B.J., Badart-Smook, A., Stockbrugger, R.W. & Brummer, R.J. (1998) Comprehensive nutritional status in patients with long-standing Crohn disease currently in remission [see comments]. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 919-926.

Gey, K.F. (1998) Vitamins E plus C and interacting conutrients required for optimal health. A critical and constructive review of epidemiology and supplementation data regarding cardiovascular disease and cancer. Biofactors 7: 113-174.

Giuliano, A.R. & Gapstur, S. (1998) Can cervical dysplasia and cancer be prevented with nutrients? Nutr. Rev. 56: 9-16.

Gobanes, I., Choubert, G., Milicua, J.C.G. & Gomez, R. (1998) Serum carotenoid concentration changes during sexual maturation in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J. Agric. Food Chem. 46: 383-387.

Gonzalez de Mejia, E., Ramos-Gomez, M. & Loarca-Pina, G. (1997) Antimutagenic activity of natural xanthophylls against aflatoxin B1 in Salmonella typhimurium. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 30: 346-353.

Goodman, M.T., Hernandez, B., Wilkens, L.R., Lee, J., Le Marchand, L., Liu, L.Q., Franke, A.A., Kucuk, O. & Hsu, T.C. (1998) Effects of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol on bleomycin-induced chromosomal damage. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 7: 113-117.

Gradelet, S., Le Bon, A.M., Berges, R., Suschetet, M. & Astorg, P. (1998) Dietary carotenoids inhibit aflatoxin B1-induced liver preneoplastic foci and DNA damage in the rat: role of the modulation of aflatoxin B1 metabolism. Carcinogenesis 19: 403-411.

Granado, F., Olmedilla, B., Blanco, I., Gil-Martinez, E. & Rojas-Hidalgo, E. (1997) Variability in the intercomparison of food carotenoid content data: a user's point of view. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 621-633.

Granado, F., Olmedilla, B., Gil-Martinez, E., Blanco, I., Millan, I. & Rojas-Hidalgo, E. (1998) Carotenoids, retinol and tocopherols in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their immediate relatives. Clin. Sci. (Colch). 94: 189-195.

Grievink, L., Jansen, S.M., van't Veer, P. & Brunekreef, B. (1998) Acute effects of ozone on pulmonary function of cyclists receiving antioxidant supplements. Occup. Environ. Med. 55: 13-17.

Grolier, P., Duszka, C., Borel, P., Alexandre-Gouabau, M.C. & Azais-Braesco, V. (1997) In vitro and in vivo inhibition of beta-carotene dioxygenase activity by canthaxanthin in rat intestine. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 348: 233-238.

Gronowska-Senger, A., Dudek, M. & Pierzynowska, J. (1997) [Evaluation of beta-carotene bioavailability from selected vegetables grown by conventional and ecologic methods]. Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. 48: 145-148.

Guil, J.L., Rodriguez-Garcia, I. & Torija, E. (1997) Nutritional and toxic factors in selected wild edible plants. Plant Foods. Hum. Nutr. 51: 99-107.

Hable, W.E., Oishi, K.K. & Schumaker, K.S. (1998) Viviparous-5 encodes phytoene desaturase, an enzyme essential for abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and seed development in maize. Mol. Gen. Genet. 257: 167-176.

Hammond, B.R.,Jr., Wooten, B.R. & Snodderly, D.M. (1997) Density of the human crystalline lens is related to the macular pigment carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin. Optom. Vis. Sci. 74: 499-504.

Hatlen, B., Arnesen, A.M., Jobling, M., Siikavuopio, S. & Bjerkeng, B. (1997) Carotenoid pigmentation in relation to feed intake, growth and social interaction in Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), from two anadromous strains. Aquaculture Nutrition 3: 189-199.

Heinonen, O.P., Albanes, D., Virtamo, J., Taylor, P.R., Huttunen, J.K., Hartman, A.M., Haapakoski, J., Malila, N., Rautalahti, M., Ripatti, S., Maenpaa, H., Teerenhovi, L., Koss, L., Virolainen, M. & Edwards, B.K. (1998) Prostate cancer and supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and beta- carotene: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial [see comments]. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 90: 440-446.

Hennekens, C.H. (1997) Current knowledge and future directions for research on antioxidant vitamins in prevention of cancer, cardiovascular and eye diseases. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2141-2144.

Hennekens, C.H. (1998) Antioxidant vitamins and cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and future directions [editorial]. Nutrition. 14: 50-51.

Herber-McNeill, S.M. & van Elswyk, M.E. (1998) Dietary marine algae maintains egg consumer acceptability while enhancing yolk color. Poult. Sci. 77: 493-496.

Hirschberg, J., Cohen, M., Harker, M., Lotan, T., Mann, V. & Pecker, I. (1997) Molecular genetics of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in plants and algae. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2151-2158.

Huet, F., Semama, D., Maingueneau, C., Charavel, A. & Nivelon, J.L. (1997) Vitamin A deficiency and nocturnal vision in teenagers with cystic fibrosis. Eur. J. Pediatr. 156: 949-951.

Isler, O. (1977) Progress in the field of fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids. Experientia 33: 555-573.

Jiang, J., Yu, Z., Qiu, Q. & Wu, Y. (1996) [Protective effects of beta-carotene liposome against rat neutrophile membrane damage caused by intra- or extra-cellular reactive oxygen species]. Chung. Kuo. I Hsueh. Ko. Hsueh. Yuan. Hsueh. Pao. 18: 387-391.

Johnson, E.J., Qin, J., Krinsky, N.I. & Russell, R.M. (1997) Beta-carotene isomers in human serum, breast milk and buccal mucosa cells after continuous oral doses of all-trans and 9-cis beta-carotene. J. Nutr. 127: 1993-1999.

Karagas, M.R., Greenberg, E.R., Mott, L.A., Baron, J.A. & Ernster, V.L. (1998) Occurrence of other cancers among patients with prior basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 7: 157-161.

Karr, M., Mira, M., Causer, J., Earl, J., Alperstein, G., Wood, F., Fett, M.J. & Coakley, J. (1997) Age-specific reference intervals for plasma vitamins A, E and beta- carotene and for serum zinc, retinol-binding protein and prealbumin for Sydney children aged 9-62 months. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67: 432-436.

Khachik, F., Englert, G., Beecher, G.R. & Smith, J.C.,Jr. (1995) Isolation, structural elucidation, and partial synthesis of lutein dehydration products in extracts from human plasma. J. Chromatogr. B. Biomed. Appl. 670: 219-233.

Kim, D.J., Takasuka, N., Kim, J.M., Sekine, K., Ota, T., Asamoto, M., Murakoshi, M., Nishino, H., Nir, Z. & Tsuda, H. (1997) Chemoprevention by lycopene of mouse lung neoplasia after combined initiation treatment with DEN, MNU and DMH. Cancer Lett. 120: 15-22.

Kim, H.P., Kim, S.Y., Lee, E.J. & Kim, Y.C. (1997) Zeaxanthin dipalmitate from Lycium chinense has hepatoprotective activity. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 97: 301-314.

Kim, J.M., Araki, S., Kim, D.J., Park, C.B., Takasuka, N., Baba-Toriyama, H., Ota, T., Nir, Z., Khachik, F., Shimidzu, N., Tanaka, Y., Osawa, T., Uraji, T., Murakoshi, M., Nishino, H. & Tsuda, H. (1998) Chemopreventive effects of carotenoids and curcumins on mouse colon carcinogenesis after 1,2-dimethylhydrazine initiation. Carcinogenesis 19: 81-85.

King, T.J., Khachik, F., Bortkiewicz, H., Fukushima, L.H., Morioka, S. & Bertram, J.S. (1997) Metabolites of dietary carotenoids as potential cancer preventive agents. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2135-2140.

Klesges, L.M., Murray, D.M., Brown, J.E., Cliver, S.P. & Goldenberg, R.L. (1998) Relations of cigarette smoking and dietary antioxidants with placental calcification. Am. J. Epidemiol. 147: 127-135.

Krutovskikh, V., Asamoto, M., Takasuka, N., Murakoshi, M., Nishino, H. & Tsuda, H. (1997) Differential dose-dependent effects of alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene on gap-junctional intercellular communication in rat liver in vivo. Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 88: 1121-1124.

Kucukbay, H., Yakinci, C., Kucukbay, F.Z. & Turgut, M. (1997) Serum vitamin A and beta-carotene levels in children with recurrent acute respiratory infections and diarrhoea in Malatya. J. Trop. Pediatr. 43: 337-340.

Kuno, T., Hozumi, M., Morinobu, T., Murata, T., Mingci, Z. & Tamai, H. (1998) Antioxidant vitamin levels in plasma and low density lipoprotein of obese girls. Free Radic. Res. 28: 81-86.

Kwasniewska, A., Charzewska, J., Tukendorf, A. & Semczuk, M. (1998) Dietary factors in women with dysplasia colli uteri associated with human papillomavirus infection. Nutr. Cancer 30: 39-45.

La Vecchia, C., Ferraroni, M., Negri, E. & Franceschi, S. (1998) Role of various carotenoids in the risk of breast cancer [letter]. Int. J. Cancer 75: 482-483.

Lane, J.R., Webb, L.W. & Acuff, R.V. (1997) Concurrent liquid chromatographic separation and photodiode array detection of retinol, tocopherols, all-trans-alpha-carotene, all-trans- beta-carotene and the mono-cis isomers of beta-carotene in extracts of human plasma. J. Chromatogr. A. 787: 111-118.

Lederman, J.D., Overton, K.M., Hofmann, N.E., Moore, B.J., Thornton, J. & Erdman, J.W. (1998) Ferrets (Mustela putoius furo) inefficiently convert beta-carotene to vitamin A. J. Nutr. 128: 271-279.

Lee, C.M., Lederman, J.D., Hofmann, N.E. & Erdman, J.W. (1998) The mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) is an appropriate animal model for evaluation of the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A. J. Nutr. 128: 280-286.

Liaaen-Jensen, S. (1997) Stereochemical aspects of carotenoids. Pure Appl. Chem. 69: 2027-2038.

Liang, Y., White, W.S., Yao, L. & Serfass, R.E. (1998) Use of high-precision gas isotope ratio mass spectrometry to determine natural abundance 13C in lutein isolated from C3 and C4 plant sources. J. Chromatogr. A. 800: 51-58.

Lin, Y., Burri, B.J., Neidlinger, T.R., Muller, H.G., Dueker, S.R. & Clifford, A.J. (1998) Estimating the concentration of beta-carotene required for maximal protection of low-density lipoproteins in women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 837-845.

Linseisen, J., Hoffmann, J., Riedl, J. & Wolfram, G. (1998) Effect of a single oral dose of antioxidant mixture (vitamin E, carotenoids) on the formation of cholesterol oxidation products after ex vivo LDL oxidation in humans. Eur. J. Med. Res. 3: 5-12.

Lloyd, T., Chinchilli, V.M., Rollings, N., Kieselhorst, K., Tregea, D.F., Henderson, N.A. & Sinoway, L.I. (1998) Fruit consumption, fitness, and cardiovascular health in female adolescents: the Penn State Young Women's Health Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 624-630.

Lomnitski, L., Grossman, S., Bergman, M., Sofer, Y. & Sklan, D. (1997) In vitro and in vivo effects of beta-carotene on rat epidermal lipoxygenases. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67: 407-414.

Majima, T., Tsutsumi, M., Nishino, H., Tsunoda, T. & Konishi, Y. (1998) Inhibitory effects of beta-carotene, palm carotene, and green tea polyphenols on pancreatic carcinogenesis initiated by N-nitorsobis(2- oxopropyl)amine in Syrian golden hamsters. Pancreas 16: 13-18.

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