CARIG Literature References - July, 1997 - February, 1998

Khachik, F.; Steck, A.; and Pfander, H. "Bioavailability, Metabolism, and Possible Mechanism of Chemoprevention by Lutein and Lycopene in Humans" In Food Factors for Cancer Prevention, H.Ohigashi; T.Osawa; J. Terao; S. Watanabe; T.Yoshikawa (Eds.), Springer-Verlag (Tokyo), page 542-547, 1997.

Khachik, F.; Nir, Z; Ausich, R.L.; Steck, A.; Pfander, H. "Distribution of Carotenoids in Fruits and Vegetables as a Criterion for the Selection of Appropriate Chemopreventive Agents", In Food Factors for Cancer Prevention, H.Ohigashi; T.Osawa; J. Terao; S. Watanabe; T.Yoshikawa (Eds.), Springer-Verlag (Tokyo), page 204-208, 1997.

King, T.J.; Khachik, F.; Bortkiewicz, H.; Fukishima, L.H.; Morioka, S.; Bertram, J.S. "Metabolites of Dietary Carotenoids as Potential Cancer Preventive Agents" Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium onCarotenoids, Leiden, The Netherlands, J. Pure & Applied Chem., 69: 2135-2140, 1997.

Clevidence, B.A.; Khachik, F.; Brown, E.D.; Nair, P.P.; Wiley, E.R.; Prior, R.L.; Cao, G.; Morel, D.W.; Stone, W.; Gross, M.; Kramer, T.R. "Human Consumption of Carotenoid-Rich Vegetables" In Antioxidant Methodology: In vivo Concepts, O. Aruoma and S. Cuppett (Eds), Am. Oil Chemist's Soc. Press (Champaign, Illinois), Chapter 4, page 53-63, 1997.

Khachik, F.; Bernstein, P.; Garland, D.L. "Identification of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Oxidation Products in Human and Monkey Retinas" Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 38: 1802-1811, 1997.

(1997) Use of carotene-rich foods to combat vitamin A deficiency in India--a multicentric study by the Nutrition Foundation of India. Indian Pediatr. 34:313-318.

(1997) Assessment of the bioavailability of micronutrients. Proceedings of an ILSI Europe Workshop. Norwich, United Kingdom, 25-26 March 1996. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 51 Suppl 1:S1-90.

Aas, G.H., Bjerkeng, B., Hatlen, B. & Storebakken, T. (1997) Idoxanthin, a major carotenoid in the flesh of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) fed diets containing astaxanthin. Aquaculture 150:135-142.

Albanes, D., Virtamo, J., Taylor, P.R., Rautalahti, M., Pietinen, P. & Heinonen, O.P. (1997) Effects of supplemental beta-carotene, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption on serum carotenoids in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66:366-372.

Albrecht, M., Ruther, A. & Sandmann, G. (1997) Purification and biochemical characterization of a hydroxyneurosporene desaturase involved in the biosynthetic pathway of the carotenoid spheroidene in Rhodobacter sphaeroides. J. Bacteriol. 179:7462-7467.

Allen, P.C. (1997) Production of free radical species during Eimeria maxima infections in chickens. Poult. Sci. 76:814-21 CONTINU.

An, G.H. (1997) Photosensitization of the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma at a low temperature for screening carotenoid hyperproducing mutants. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 66:263-268.

Armstrong, G.A. (1997) Genetics of eubacterial carotenoid biosynthesis: a colorful tale. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 51:629-659.

Arvidsson, P.O., Bratt, C.E., Carlsson, M. & Akerlund, H.E. (1996) Purification and identification of the violaxanthin deepoxidase as a 43 kDa protein. Photosynthesis Research 49:119-129.

Astorg, P., Gradelet, S., Berges, R. & Suschetet, M. (1996) No evidence for an inhibitory effect of beta-carotene or of canthaxanthin on the initiation of liver preneoplastic foci by diethylnitrosamine in the rat. Nutr. Canc. 25:27-34.

Astorg, P., Gradelet, S., Berges, R. & Suschetet, M. (1997) Dietary lycopene decreases the initiation of liver preneoplastic foci by diethylnitrosamine in the rat. Nutr. Cancer 29:60-68.

Astorg, P., Gradelet, S., Leclerc, J. & Siess, M.H. (1997) Effects of provitamin A or non-provitamin A carotenoids on liver xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in mice. Nutr. Cancer 27:245-249.

Awad, A.C., Bennink, M.R. & Smith, D.M. (1997) Composition and functional properties of cholesterol reduced egg yolk. Poult. Sci. 76:649-653.

Bates, J.H., Young, I.S., Galway, L., Traub, A.I. & Hadden, D.R. (1997) Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in diabetic pregnancy. Br. J. Nutr. 78:523-532.

Becker-Hapak, M., Troxtel, E., Hoerter, J. & Eisenstark, A. (1997) RpoS dependent overexpression of carotenoids from Erwinia herbicola in OXYR deficient Escherichia coli. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 239:305-309.

Bell, C.M., Sander, L.C., Fetzer, J.C. & Wise, S.A. (1996) Synthesis and characterization of extended length alkyl stationary phases for liquid chromatography with application to the separation of carotenoid isomers. Journal of Chromatography A 753:37-45.

Bell, C.M., Sander, L.C. & Wise, S.A. (1997) Temperature dependence of carotenoids on C18, C30 and C34 bonded stationary phases. J. Chromatogr. 757:29-39.

Bellizzi, M.C., Dutta-Roy, A.K., Duthie, G.G. & James, W.P. (1997) alpha-Tocopherol binding activity of red blood cells in smokers. Free Radic. Res. 27:105-112.

Bendich, A. (1996) Antioxidant vitamins and human immune responses. Vitam. Horm. 52:35-62.

Benton, D., Haller, J. & Fordy, J. (1997) The vitamin status of young British adults. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67:34-40.

Berg, G., Kohlmeier, L. & Brenner, H. (1997) Use of oral contraceptives and serum beta-carotene. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 51:181-187.

Berketova, L.V., Spirichev, V.B. & Agapova, E.V. (1997) [Study of methods of beta-carotene stabilization in powder concentrates for preparation of beverages]. Vopr. Pitan. 10-11.

Besenfelder, U., Solti, L., Seregi, J., Muller, M. & Brem, G. (1996) Different roles for B-carotene and vitamin A in the reproduction of rabbits. Theriogenology 45:1583-1591.

Bingham, S.A. (1997) Dietary assessments in the European prospective study of diet and cancer (EPIC). Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 6:118-124.

Bingham, S.A. & Day, N.E. (1997) Using biochemical markers to assess the validity of prospective dietary assessment methods and the effect of energy adjustment. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65:1130S-1137S.

Bingham, S.A., Gill, C., Welch, A., Cassidy, A., Runswick, S.A., Oakes, S., Lubin, R., Thurnham, D.I., Key, T.J., Roe, L., Khaw, K.T. & Day, N.E. (1997) Validation of dietary assessment methods in the UK arm of EPIC using weighed records, and 24-hour urinary nitrogen and potassium and serum vitamin C and carotenoids as biomarkers. Int. J. Epidemiol. 26 Suppl 1:S137-S151.

Bjerkeng, B. (1997) Chromatographic analysis of synthesized astaxanthin -- a handy tool for the ecologist and forensic chemist? Progressive Fish-Culturist 59:129-140.

Bjerkeng, B., Folling, M., Lagocki, S., Storebakken, T., Olli, J.J. & Alsted, N. (1997) Bioavailability of all-E-astaxanthin and Z-isomers of astaxanthin in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 157:63-82.

Bjerkeng, B., Refstie, S., Fjalestad, K.T., Storebakken, T., Rodbotten, M. & Roem, A.J. (1997) Quality parameters of the flesh of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as affected by dietary fat content and full-fat soybean meal as a partial substitute for fish meal in the diet. Aquaculture 157:297-309.

Blum, J.W., Hadorn, U., Sallmann, H.P. & Schuep, W. (1997) Delaying colostrum intake by one day impairs plasma lipid, essential fatty acid, carotene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol status in neonatal calves. J. Nutr. 127:2024-2029.

Bolton, C.H., Leaf, A.A. & Downs, L.G. (1997) Antioxidant defences and lipid peroxidation in preterm infants. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25:522S.

Bone, R.A., Landrum, J.T., Friedes, L.M., Gomez, C.M., Kilburn, M.D., Menendez, E., Vidal, I. & Wang, W. (1997) Distribution of lutein and zeaxanthin stereoisomers in the human retina. Exp. Eye Res. 64:211-218.

Bonk, M., Hoffmann, B., Von Lintig, J., Schledz, M., Al-Babili, S., Hobeika, E., Kleinig, H. & Beyer, P. (1997) Chloroplast import of four carotenoid biosynthetic enzymes in vitro reveals differential fates prior to membrane binding and oligomeric assembly. Eur. J. Biochem. 247:942-950.

Bonnefont-Rousselot, D., Jaudon, M.C., Issad, B., Cacoub, P., Congy, F., Jardel, C., Delattre, J. & Jacobs, C. (1997) Antioxidant status of elderly chronic renal patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 12:1399-1405.

Bouvier, F., d'Harlingue, A. & Camara, B. (1997) Molecular analysis of carotenoid cyclase inhibition. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 346:53-64.

Bouvier, F., Dharlingue, A., Hugueney, P., Marin, E., Marionpoll, A. & Camara, B. (1996) Xanthophyll biosynthesis - Cloning, expression, functional reconstitution, and regulation of beta-cyclohexenyl carotenoid epoxidase from pepper (Capsicum annuum). J. Biol. Chem. 271:28861-28867.

Breitenbach, J., Misawa, N., Kajiwara, S. & Sandmann, G. (1996) Expression in Escherichia coli and properties of the carotene ketolase from Haematococcus pluvialis. FEMS Microbiology Letters 140:241-246.

Brodkin, C.A., McCullough, J., Stover, B., Balmes, J., Hammar, S., Omenn, G.S., Checkoway, H. & Barnhart, S. (1997) Lobe of origin and histologic type of lung cancer associated with asbestos exposure in the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET). Am. J. Ind. Med. 32:582-591.

Burgaz, S., Torun, M., Yardim, S., Sargin, H., Orman, M.N. & Ozdamar, N.Y. (1996) Serum carotenoids and uric acid levels in relation to cancer. J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 21:331-336.

Burger, H., Kovacs, A., Weiser, B., Grimson, R., Nachman, S., Tropper, P., van Bennekum, A.M., Elie, M.C. & Blaner, W.S. (1997) Maternal serum vitamin A levels are not associated with mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in the United States. J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 14:321-6 CONTINUE.

Buring, J.E. & Hennekens, C.H. (1997) Antioxidant vitamins and cardiovascular disease. Nutr. Rev. 55:S53-8; discuss.

Burkhardt, P.K., Beyer, P., Wunn, J., Kloti, A., Armstrong, G.A., Schledz, M., Von Lintig, J. & Potrykus, I. (1997) Transgenic rice (Oryza sativa) endosperm expressing daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) phytoene synthase accumulates phytoene, a key intermediate of provitamin A biosynthesis. Plant J. 11:1071-1078.

Burri, B.J., Neidlinger, T.R., Lo, A.O., Kwan, C. & Wong, M.R. (1997) Supercritical fluid extraction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography methods for vitamin A and beta-carotene heterogeneous distribution of vitamin A in the liver. J. Chromatogr. A. 762:201-206.

Buyukgebiz, A., Bober, E. & Buyukgebiz, B. (1997) Vitamin A and beta carotene levels in constitutional delay of growth and puberty. J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. 10:51-54.

Calzada, C., Bruckdorfer, K.R. & Rice-Evans, C.A. (1997) The influence of antioxidant nutrients on platelet function in healthy volunteers. Atherosclerosis 128:97-105.

Canfield, L.M., Giuliano, A.R., Neilson, E.M., Yap, H.H., Graver, E.J., Cui, H.A. & Blashill, B.M. (1997) beta-Carotene in breast milk and serum is increased after a single beta-carotene dose. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66:52-61.

Carlier, C. (1997) A randomised controlled trial to test equivalence between retinyl palmitate and beta-carotene for vitamin A deficiency (Vol 307, Pg 1106, 1993) -- Correction. British Medical Journal 308:112.

Carlos, T.F., Riondel, J., Mathieu, J., Guiraud, P., Mestries, J.C. & Favier, A. (1997) Beta-carotene enhances natural killer cell activity in athymic mice. In Vivo. 11:87-91.

Cerda-Olmedo, E., Martin-Rojas, V. & Cubero, B. (1996) Causes of cell death following ultraviolet B and C exposures and the role of carotenes. Photochemistry and Photobiology 64:547-551.

Charleux, J.L. (1996) Beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E: the protective micronutrients. Nutr. Rev. 54:S109-S114.

Chattopadhyay, M.K., Jagannadham, M.V., Vairamani, M. & Shivaji, S. (1997) Carotenoid pigments of an antarctic psychrotrophic bacterium Micrococcus roseus: temperature dependent biosynthesis, structure, and interaction with synthetic membranes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 239:85-90.

Chayen, N.E., Gordon, E.J., Phillips, S.E.V., Saridakis, E.E.G. & Zagalsky, P.F. (1996) Crystallization and initial X-ray analysis of beta-crustacyanin, the dimer of apoproteins A(2) and C-1, each with a bound astaxanthin molecule. Acta Crystallographica Section D - Biological Crystallography 52:409-410.

Chen, H. & Tappel, A.L. (1996) Protection by multiple antioxidants against lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate. Lipids 31:47-50.

Chew, B.P., Wong, M.W. & Wong, T.S. (1996) Effects of lutein from marigold extract on immunity and growth of mammary tumors in mice. Anticancer Res. 16:3689-3694.

Chew, B.P., Wong, T.S., Shultz, T.D. & Magnuson, N.S. (1997) Effects of conjugated dienoic derivatives of linoleic acid and beta-carotene in modulating lymphocyte and macrophage function. Anticancer Res. 17:1099-1106.

Chuwers, P., Barnhart, S., Blanc, P., Brodkin, C.A., Cullen, M., Kelly, T., Keogh, J., Omenn, G., Williams, J. & Balmes, J.R. (1997) The protective effect of beta-carotene and retinol on ventilatory function in an asbestos-exposed cohort. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 155:1066-1071.

Cifuentes, A.S., Gonzalez, M.A. & Parra, O.O. (1996) The effect of salinity on the growth and carotenogenesis in two Chilean strains of Dunaliella salina Teodoresco. Biol. Res. 29:227-236.

Comstock, G.W., Alberg, A.J., Huang, H.Y., Wu, K., Burke, A.E., Hoffman, S.C., Norkus, E.P., Gross, M., Cutler, R.G., Morris, J.S., Spate, V.L. & Helzlsouer, K.J. (1997) The risk of developing lung cancer associated with antioxidants in the blood: ascorbic acid, carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and total peroxyl radical absorbing capacity. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 6:907-16 CONTINU.

Comstock, G.W., Burke, A.E., Hoffman, S.C., Helzlsouer, K.J., Bendich, A., Masi, A.T., Norkus, E.P., Malamet, R.L. & Gershwin, M.E. (1997) Serum concentrations of alpha tocopherol, beta carotene, and retinol preceding the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 56:323-325.

Coodley, G.O., Coodley, M.K., Lusk, R., Green, T.R., Bakke, A.C., Wilson, D., Wachenheim, D., Sexton, G. & Salveson, C. (1996) beta-Carotene in HIV infection: An extended evaluation. AIDS 10:967-973.

Cooper, D.A., Webb, D.R. & Peters, J.C. (1997) Evaluation of the potential for olestra to affect the availability of dietary phytochemicals. J. Nutr. 127:1699S-1709S.

Coudray, C., Roussel, A.M., Arnaud, J. & Favier, A. (1997) Selenium and antioxidant vitamin and lipidoperoxidation levels in preaging French population. EVA Study Group. Etude de vieillissement arteriel. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 57:183-190.

Cozzi, R., Ricordy, R., Aglitti, T., Gatta, V., Perticone, P. & De Salvia, R. (1997) Ascorbic acid and beta-carotene as modulators of oxidative damage. Carcinogenesis 18:223-228.

Crabtree, D.V. & Adler, A.J. (1997) Is beta-carotene an antioxidant? Med. Hypotheses. 48:183-187.

Crissey, S.D., Swanson, J.A., Lintzenich, B.A., Brewer, B.A. & Slifka, K.A. (1997) Use of a raw meat-based diet or a dry kibble diet for sand cats (Felis margarita). J. Anim. Sci. 75:2154-2160.

Cueto, S.M., Romney, A.D., Wang, Y. & Walsh, S.W. (1997) beta-Carotene attenuates peroxide-induced vasoconstriction in the human placenta. J. Soc. Gynecol. Investig. 4:64-71.

Daviglus, M.L., Dyer, A., Persky, V. & et.al, (1996) Dietary beta-carotene, vitamin C, and risk of prostate cancer: results from the Western Electric Study. Epidemiology 2:472-477.

Daviglus, M.L., Orencia, A.J., Dyer, A.R., Liu, K., Morris, D.K., Persky, V., Chavez, N., Goldberg, J., Drum, M., Shekelle, R.B. & Stamler, J. (1997) Dietary vitamin C, beta-carotene and 30-year risk of stroke: results from the Western Electric Study. Neuroepidemiology. 16:69-77.

de Miguel, T., Calo, P., Diaz, A. & Villa, T.G. (1997) The genus Rhodosporidium: a potential source of beta-carotene. Microbiologia. 13:67-70.

de Pee, S., Yuniar, Y., West, C.E. & Muhilal, (1997) Evaluation of biochemical indicators of vitamin A status in breast-feeding and non-breast-feeding Indonesian women [see comments]. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66:160-167.

de Rijk, M.C., Breteler, M.M., den Breeijen, J.H., Launer, L.J., Grobbee, D.E., van der Meche, F.G. & Hofman, A. (1997) Dietary antioxidants and Parkinson disease. The Rotterdam Study. Arch. Neurol. 54:762-765.

Decsi, T., Molnar, D. & Koletzko, B. (1997) Reduced plasma concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene in obese boys. J. Pediatr. 130:653-655.

Delgado-Vargas, F. & Paredes-Lopez, O. (1997) Enzymatic treatment to enhance carotenoid content in dehydrated marigold flower meal. Plant Foods. Hum. Nutr. 50:163-169.

Deli, J., Molnar, P., Matus, Z., Toth, G. & Steck, A. (1996) Reisolation of carotenoid 3,6-epoxides from red paprika (Capsicum annuum). Helv. Chim. Acta 79:1435-1443.

Dierenfeld, E.S., Hoppe, P.P., Woodford, M.H., Krilov, N.P., Klimov, V.V. & Yasinetskaya, N.I. (1997) Plasma alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and lipid levels in semi-free-ranging Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii). J. Zoo. Wildl. Med. 28:144-147.

Drewnowski, A., Rock, C.L., Henderson, S.A., Shore, A.B., Fischler, C., Galan, P., Preziosi, P. & Hercberg, S. (1997) Serum beta-carotene and vitamin C as biomarkers of vegetable and fruit intakes in a community-based sample of French adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65:1796-1802.

Dufresne, C., Cormier, F. & Dorion, S. (1997) In vitro formation of crocetin glucosyl esters by Crocus sativus callus extract. Planta Med. 63:150-153.

Durand, A.M., Sabino, H.,Jr., Masga, R., Sabino, M., Olopai, F. & Abraham, I. (1997) Childhood vitamin A status and the risk of otitis media. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 16:952-954.

During, A., Nagao, A., Hoshino, C. & Terao, J. (1996) Assay of beta-carotene 15,15'-dioxygenase activity by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Analytical Biochemistry 241:199-205.

Durnev, A.D., Tiurina, L.S., Guseva, N.V., Oreshchenko, A.V. & Seredinin, S.B. (1997) [Anticlastogenic activity of apo-carotene in vivo]. Eksp. Klin. Farmakol. 60:68-70.

Enger, S.M., Longnecker, M.P., Chen, M.J., Harper, J.M., Lee, E.R., Frankl, H.D. & Haile, R.W. (1996) Dietary intake of specific carotenoids and vitamins A, C, and E, and prevalence of colorectal adenomas. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 5:147-53 CONTINU.

Erhardt, J.G., Lim, S.S., Bode, J.C. & Bode, C. (1997) A diet rich in fat and poor in dietary fiber increases the in vitro formation of reactive oxygen species in human feces. J. Nutr. 127:706-709.

Evelson, P., Ordonez, C.P., Llesuy, S. & Boveris, A. (1997) Oxidative stress and in vivo chemiluminescence in mouse skin exposed to UVA radiation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B. 38:215-219.

Farhoosh, R., Chynwat, V., Gebhard, R., Lugtenburg, J. & Frank, H.A. (1997) Triplet energy transfer between the primary donor and carotenoids in Rhodobacter sphaeroides R-26.1 reaction centers incorporated with spheroidene analogs having different extents of pi-electron conjugation. Photochem. Photobiol. 66:97-104 CONTIN.

Fernandes, G. (1997) Beta-carotene supplementation: friend or foe? [editorial; comment]. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 129:285-287.

Fernandez-Gonzalez, B., Sandmann, G. & Vioque, A. (1997) A new type of asymmetrically acting beta-carotene ketolase is required for the synthesis of echinenone in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. J. Biol. Chem. 272:9728-9733.

Fraser, P.D., Miura, Y. & Misawa, N. (1997) In vitro characterization of astaxanthin biosynthetic enzymes. J. Biol. Chem. 272:6128-6135.

Frengova, G., Simova, E. & Beshkova, D. (1997) Caroteno-protein and exopolysaccharide production by co-cultures of Rhodotorula glutinis and Lactobacillus helveticus. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 18:272-277.

Fuhrman, B., Elis, A. & Aviram, M. (1997) Hypocholesterolemic effect of lycopene and beta-carotene is related to suppression of cholesterol synthesis and augmentation of LDL receptor activity in macrophages. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233:658-662.

Fukao, A., Tsubono, Y., Kawamura, M., Ido, T., Akazawa, N., Tsuji, I., Komatsu, S., Minami, Y. & Hisamichi, S. (1996) The independent association of smoking and drinking with serum beta-carotene levels among males in Miyagi, Japan. Int. J. Epidemiol. 25:300-306.

Gabrielska, J. & Gruszecki, W.I. (1996) Zeaxanthin (dihydroxy-beta-carotene) but not beta-carotene rigidifies lipid membranes: A H-1-NMR study of carotenoid-egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes 1285:167-174.

Galley, H.F., Thornton, J., Howdle, P.D., Walker, B.E. & Webster, N.R. (1997) Combination oral antioxidant supplementation reduces blood pressure. Clin. Sci. (Colch). 92:361-365.

Gamero, H., Arita, M., Bulux, J. & Solomons, N.W. (1996) [Dietary pattern and nutrient intake in preschool children from three rural villages in the Province of Santa Rosa, Guatemala]. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 46:22-26.

Gardner, E.M., Bernstein, E.D., Dorfman, M., Abrutyn, E. & Murasko, D.M. (1997) The age-associated decline in immune function of healthy individuals is not related to changes in plasma concentrations of beta-carotene, retinol, alpha-tocopherol or zinc. Mech. Ageing Dev. 94:55-69.

Gartner, C., Stahl, W. & Sies, H. (1997) Lycopene is more bioavailable from tomato paste than from fresh tomatoes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66:116-22 CONTINU.

Gaziano, J.M. (1996) Antioxidants in cardiovascular disease: randomized trials. Nutrition. 12:583-588.

Gerster, H. (1997) The potential role of lycopene for human health. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 16:109-126.

Gerster, H. (1997) Vitamin A--functions, dietary requirements and safety in humans. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 67:71-90.

Girodon, F., Blache, D., Monget, A.L., Lombart, M., Brunet-Lecompte, P., Arnaud, J., Richard, M.J. & Galan, P. (1997) Effect of a two-year supplementation with low doses of antioxidant vitamins and/or minerals in elderly subjects on levels of nutrients and antioxidant defense parameters. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 16:357-365.

Giuliano, A.R., Papenfuss, M., Nour, M., Canfield, L.M., Schneider, A. & Hatch, K. (1997) Antioxidant nutrients: associations with persistent human papillomavirus infection. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 6:917-23 CONTINU.

Goldman, I.L. & Breitbach, D.N. (1996) Inheritance of a recessive character controlling reduced carotenoid pigmentation in carrot (Daucus carota L). Journal of Heredity 87:380-382.

Gonzalez de Mejia, E., Loarca-Pina, G. & Ramos-Gomez, M. (1997) Antimutagenicity of xanthophylls present in Aztec Marigold (Tagetes erecta) against 1-nitropyrene. Mutat. Res. 389:219-226.

Goodman, G.E. (1997) The clinical evaluation of cancer prevention agents. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 216:253-259.

Goralczyk, R., Buser, S., Bausch, J., Bee, W., Zuhlke, U. & Barker, F.M. (1997) Occurrence of birefringent retinal inclusions in cynomolgus monkeys after high doses of canthaxanthin. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 38:741-752.

Goulinet, S. & Chapman, M.J. (1997) Plasma LDL and HDL subspecies are heterogenous in particle content of tocopherols and oxygenated and hydrocarbon carotenoids. Relevance to oxidative resistance and atherogenesis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:786-796.

Gowda, B., Qin, J., Mobarhan, S. & Frommel, T.O. (1997) Expression of c-myc in human colonic tissue in response to beta-carotene supplementation. Nutr. Cancer 28:135-139.

Gradelet, S., Astorg, P., Le Bon, A.M., Berges, R. & Suschetet, M. (1997) Modulation of aflatoxin B1 carcinogenicity, genotoxicity and metabolism in rat liver by dietary carotenoids: evidence for a protective effect of CYP1A inducers. Cancer Lett. 114:221-223.

Gradelet, S., Astorg, P., Pineau, T., Canivenc, M.C., Siess, M.H., Leclerc, J. & Lesca, P. (1997) Ah receptor-dependent CYP1A induction by two carotenoids, canthaxanthin and beta-apo-8'-carotenal, with no affinity for the TCDD binding site. Biochem. Pharmacol. 54:307-315.

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Hininger, I., Chopra, M., Thurnham, D.I., Laporte, F., Richard, M.J., Favier, A. & Roussel, A.M. (1997) Effect of increased fruit and vegetable intake on the susceptibility of lipoprotein to oxidation in smokers. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 51:601-606.

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Hughes, D.A., Wright, A.J., Finglas, P.M., Peerless, A.C., Bailey, A.L., Astley, S.B., Pinder, A.C. & Southon, S. (1997) Comparison of effects of beta-carotene and lycopene supplementation on the expression of functionally associated molecules on human monocytes. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 25:206S CONTI.

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