CARIG Literature References: February 2001

CARIG Literature References: February 2001

(2000) Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium and Carotenoids: A Report of the Panel on Dietary Antioxidants and Related Compounds, Subcommittees on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients and Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes, and the Standing Committee on Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. National Academy Press, Washington,D.C., pp. 1‑482.

Abe, K. & Saito, H. (2000) Effects of saffron extract and its constituent crocin on learning behaviour and long‑term potentiation. Phytother. Res. 14: 149‑152

Ajani, U. A., Gaziano, J. M., Lotufo, P. A., Liu, S., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E. & Manson, J. E. (2000) Alcohol consumption and risk of coronary heart disease by diabetes status [see comments]. Circulation 102: 500‑505

al Senaidy, A. M. (2000) Serum concentration of retinol, beta‑carotene, cholesterol, and triglycerides in Saudi school children. J. Trop. Pediatr. 46: 163‑167

Alba, R., Cordonnier‑Pratt, M. M. & Pratt, L. H. (2000) Fruit‑localized phytochromes regulate lycopene accumulation independently of ethylene production in tomato. Plant Physiol. 123: 363‑370

Albanes, D., Malila, N., Taylor, P. R., Huttunen, J. K., Virtamo, J., Edwards, B. K., Rautalahti, M., Hartman, A. M., Barrett, M. J., Pietinen, P., Hartman, T. J., Sipponen, P., Lewin, K., Teerenhovi, L., Hietanen, P., Tangrea, J. A., Virtanen, M. & Heinonen, O. P. (2000) Effects of supplemental alpha‑tocopherol and beta‑carotene on colorectal cancer: results from a controlled trial (Finland) [see comments]. Cancer Causes. Control. 11: 197‑205

Albrecht, M., Takaichi, S., Steiger, S., Wang, Z. Y. & Sandmann, G. (2000) Novel hydroxycarotenoids with improved antioxidative properties produced by gene combination in Escherichia coli. Nat. Biotechnol. 18: 843‑846

Amaya‑Farfan, J. (1999) [Panorama of the investigation on carotenoids in Brasil: perspectives and needs]. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49: 92S‑97S

Arab, L. & Steck, S. (2000) Lycopene and cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1691S‑5S; discus

Arcangeli, C. & Cannistraro, S. (2000) In situ Raman microspectroscopic identification and localization of carotenoids: approach to monitoring of UV‑B irradiation stress on Antarctic fungus. Biopolymers 57: 179‑186

Arellano, J. B., Psencik, J., Borrego, C. M., Ma, Y. Z., Guyoneaud, R., Garcia‑Gil, J. & Gillbro, T. (2000) Effect of carotenoid biosynthesis inhibition on the chlorosome organization in Chlorobium phaeobacteroides strain CL1401. Photochem. Photobiol. 71: 715‑723

Arikan, S. & Rodway, R. G. (2000) Effects of high density lipoprotein containing high or low beta‑carotene concentrations on progesterone production and beta‑carotene uptake and depletion by bovine luteal cells. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 62: 253‑263

Arnhold, T., Nau, H. & Ruehl, R. (2000) Vitamin A. In: Modern Analytical Methodologies in Fat‑ and Water‑Soluble Vitamins (Song, W. O., Beecher, G. R. & Eitenmiller, R. R., eds) pp. 3‑49. John Wiley & Sons,Inc., New York.

Arriaga‑Alba, M., Rivera‑Sanchez, R., Parra‑Cervantes, G., Barro‑Moreno, F., Flores‑Paz, R. & Garcia‑Jimenez, E. (2000) Antimutagenesis of beta‑carotene to mutations induced by quinolone on Salmonella typhimurium. Arch. Med. Res. 31: 156‑161

Ashizawa, K., Tomita, Y., Kanemaru, C. & Tsuzuki, Y. (2000) In vitro effects of beta‑carotene for the motility, ATP, and intracellular free Ca(2+) concentrations of fowl spermatozoa. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 56: 99‑104

Azais‑Braesco, V., Winklhoffer‑Roob, B., Ribalta, J., Hanley, B., Vasson, M. P., Brtko, J., Brigeluis‑Flohe, R. & Bronner, A. (2000) Vitamin A, vitamin E and carotenoid status and metabolism during ageing: functional and nutritional consequences (project proposal). Endocr. Regul. 34: 97‑98

Bagchi, D., Bagchi, M., Stohs, S. J., Das, D. K., Ray, S. D., Kuszynski, C. A., Joshi, S. S. & Pruess, H. G. (2000) Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention. Toxicology 148: 187‑197

Ball, G. F. M. (1998) Bioavailability and Analysis of Vitamins in Foods. Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 1‑560.

Barua, A. B. & Olson, J. A. (2000) beta‑Carotene is converted primarily to retinoids in rats in vivo. J. Nutr. 130: 1996‑2001

Basu, M., Banerjee, A., Bhattacharya, U. K., Bishayee, A. & Chatterjee, M. (2000) Beta‑carotene prolongs survival, decreases lipid peroxidation and enhances glutathione status in transplantable murine lymphoma. Phytomedicine 7: 151‑159

Baumeister, B. & Matile, S. (2000) Rigid‑rod beta‑barrels as lipocalin models: probing confined space by carotenoid encapsulation. Chemistry 6: 1739‑1749

Bell, J. G., McEvoy, J., Tocher, D. R. & Sargent, J. R. (2000) Depletion of alpha‑tocopherol and astaxanthin in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) affects autoxidative defense and fatty acid metabolism. J. Nutr. 130: 1800‑1808

Beno, I., Klvanova, J., Magalova, T. & Brtkova, A. (2000) Blood levels of natural antioxidants in gastric and colorectal precancerous lesions and cancers in Slovakia. Neoplasma. 47: 37‑40

Berendschot, T. T., Goldbohm, R. A., Klopping, W. A., van de Kraats, J., van Norel, J. & van Norren, D. (2000) Influence of lutein supplementation on macular pigment, assessed with two objective techniques. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 41: 3322‑3326

Bjerkeng, B. (2000) Carotenoid pigmentation of salmonid fishes ‑ recent progress. In: Avances en Nutricion Acuicola V. Memorias del V Simposium Internacional de Nutricion Acuicola 19‑22 Noviembre, 2000 (Cruz‑Suarez, L. E., Ricque‑Marie, D., Tapia‑Salazar, M., Olvera‑Novoa, M. A. & Civera‑Cerecedo, R., eds) pp. 71‑89. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.

Bjerkeng, B. & Berge, G. M. (2000) Apparent digestibility coefficients and accumulation of astaxanthin E/Z isomers in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) and Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglosus L.). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. [B]. 127: 423‑432

Boileau, T. W., Clinton, S. K. & Erdman, J. W.,Jr. (2000) Tissue lycopene concentrations and isomer patterns are affected by androgen status and dietary lycopene concentration in male F344 rats. J. Nutr. 130: 1613‑1618

Bone, R. A., Landrum, J. T., Dixon, Z., Chen, Y. & Llerena, C. M. (2000) Lutein and zeaxanthin in the eyes, serum and diet of human subjects. Exp. Eye Res. 71: 239‑245

Breinholt, V., Lauridsen, S. T., Daneshvar, B. & Jakobsen, J. (2000) Dose‑response effects of lycopene on selected drug‑metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in the rat. Cancer Lett. 154: 201‑210

Brennan, P., Butler, J., Agudo, A., Benhamou, S., Darby, S., Fortes, C., Jockel, K. H., Kreuzer, M., Nyberg, F., Pohlabeln, H., Saracci, R., Wichman, H. E. & Boffetta, P. (2000) Joint effect of diet and environmental tobacco smoke on risk of lung cancer among nonsmokers [letter]. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92: 426‑427

Brenner, D. E. (2000) Cancer chemoprevention [editorial]. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 33: 155‑156

Brignall, M. & Lamson, D. (2000) Re: Beta‑carotene: a miss for epidemiology [letter; comment]. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92: 1014; disc

Broekmans, W. M., Klopping‑Ketelaars, I. A., Schuurman, C. R., Verhagen, H., van den Berg, H., Kok, F. J. & van Poppel, G. (2000) Fruits and vegetables increase plasma carotenoids and vitamins and decrease homocysteine in humans. J. Nutr. 130: 1578‑1583

Bub, A., Watzl, B., Abrahamse, L., Delincee, H., Adam, S., Wever, J., Muller, H. & Rechkemmer, G. (2000) Moderate intervention with carotenoid‑rich vegetable products reduces lipid peroxidation in men. J. Nutr. 130: 2200‑2206

Burri, B. J. (2000) Carotenoids and gene expression. Nutrition. 16: 577‑578

Canizares‑Villanueva, R. O., Rios‑Leal, E., Olvera Ramirez, R., Ponce Noyola, T. & Marquez Rocha, F. (1998) [Microbial sources of pigments]. Rev. Latinoam. Microbiol. 40: 87‑107

Carolin, K. A. & Pass, H. A. (2000) Prevention of breast cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 33: 221‑238

Carroll, Y. L., Corridan, B. M. & Morrissey, P. A. (2000) Lipoprotein carotenoid profiles and the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidative modification in healthy elderly volunteers. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 54: 500‑507

Chavez Perez, J. F. (1999) [Priorities of investigation in the field of carotenoids in Venezuela]. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49: 103S‑107S

Chew, B. P., Park, J. S., Weng, B. C., Wong, T. S., Hayek, M. G. & Reinhart, G. A. (2000) Dietary beta‑carotene absorption by blood plasma and leukocytes in domestic cats. J. Nutr. 130: 2322‑2325

Chew, B. P., Park, J. S., Weng, B. C., Wong, T. S., Hayek, M. G. & Reinhart, G. A. (2000) Dietary beta‑carotene is taken up by blood plasma and leukocytes in dogs. J. Nutr. 130: 1788‑1791

Chew, B. P., Park, J. S., Wong, T. S., Kim, H. W., Weng, B. B., Byrne, K. M., Hayek, M. G. & Reinhart, G. A. (2000) Dietary beta‑carotene stimulates cell‑mediated and humoral immune response in dogs. J. Nutr. 130: 1910‑1913

Chopra, M., Fitzsimons, P. E., Strain, J. J., Thurnham, D. I. & Howard, A. N. (2000) Nonalcoholic red wine extract and quercetin inhibit LDL oxidation without affecting plasma antioxidant vitamin and carotenoid concentrations. Clin. Chem. 46: 1162‑1170

Christian, P., West, K. P.,Jr., Khatry, S. K., Katz, J., LeClerq, S. C., Kimbrough‑Pradhan, E., Dali, S. M. & Shrestha, S. R. (2000) Vitamin A or beta‑carotene supplementation reduces symptoms of illness in pregnant and lactating Nepali women. J. Nutr. 130: 2675‑2682

Christian, P., West, K. P.,Jr., Khatry, S. K., Kimbrough‑Pradhan, E., LeClerq, S. C., Katz, J., Shrestha, S. R., Dali, S. M. & Sommer, A. (2000) Night blindness during pregnancy and subsequent mortality among women in Nepal: effects of vitamin A and beta‑carotene supplementation. Am. J. Epidemiol. 152: 542‑547

Congdon, N. G., Dreyfuss, M. L., Christian, P., Navitsky, R. C., Sanchez, A. M., Wu, L. S., Khatry, S. K., Thapa, M. D., Humphrey, J., Hazelwood, D. & West, K. P. (2000) Responsiveness of dark‑adaptation threshold to vitamin A and beta‑carotene supplementation in pregnant and lactating women in Nepal. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 72: 1004‑1009

Craig, M. R., Kristal, A. R., Cheney, C. L. & Shattuck, A. L. (2000) The prevalence and impact of 'atypical' days in 4‑day food records. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 100: 421‑427

Dagnelie, G., Zorge, I. S. & McDonald, T. M. (2000) Lutein improves visual function in some patients with retinal degeneration: a pilot study via the Internet. Optometry 71: 147‑164

Dark, E., Schoefs, B. & Lemoine, Y. (2000) Improved liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of photosynthetic pigments of higher plants. J. Chromatogr. A. 876: 111‑116

Davies, J. (2000) Tomatoes and health. J. R. Soc. Health 120: 81‑82

de Ancos, B., Gonzalez, E. & Cano, M. P. (2000) Effect of high‑pressure treatment on the carotenoid composition and the radical scavenging activity of persimmon fruit purees. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 3542‑3548

de Bustos, F., Jimenez‑Jimenez, F. J., Molina, J. A., de Andres, C., Gasalla, T., Orti‑Pareja, M., Ayuso‑Peralta, L., Berbel, A., Castellano‑Millan, F., Arenas, J. & Enriquez de Salamanca, R. (2000) Serum levels of alpha‑carotene, beta‑carotene, and retinol in patients with multiple sclerosis [letter]. Acta Neurol. Belg. 100: 41‑43

De Stefani, E., Oreggia, F., Boffetta, P., Deneo‑Pellegrini, H., Ronco, A. & Mendilaharsu, M. (2000) Tomatoes, tomato‑rich foods, lycopene and cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract: a case‑control in Uruguay. Oral Oncol. 36: 47‑53

Delgado‑Vargas, F., Jimenez, A. R. & Paredes‑Lopez, O. (2000) Natural pigments: carotenoids, anthocyanins, and betalains‑‑characteristics, biosynthesis, processing, and stability. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 40: 173‑289

Deli, J., Matus, Z. & Toth, G. (2000) Carotenoid composition in the fruits of Asparagus officinalis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 2793‑2796

Deming, D. M., Boileau, A. C., Lee, C. M. & Erdman, J. W.,Jr. (2000) Amount of dietary fat and type of soluble fiber independently modulate postabsorptive conversion of beta‑carotene to vitamin A in Mongolian gerbils. J. Nutr. 130: 2789‑2796

Duester, G. (2000) Families of retinoid dehydrogenases regulating vitamin A function: production of visual pigment and retinoic acid. Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 4315‑4324

Duewer, D. L., Kline, M. C., Sharpless, K. E. & Thomas, J. B. (2000) NIST micronutrients measurement quality assurance program: characterizing the measurement community's performance over time. Anal. Chem. 72: 4163‑4170

During, A., Fields, M., Lewis, C. G. & Smith, J. C. (2000) Intestinal beta‑carotene 15,15'‑dioxygenase activity is markedly enhanced in copper‑deficient rats fed on high‑iron diets and fructose [see comments]. Br. J. Nutr. 84: 117‑124

Ekstrom, A. M., Serafini, M., Nyren, O., Hansson, L. E., Ye, W. & Wolk, A. (2000) Dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of cardia cancer and noncardia cancer of the intestinal and diffuse types: a population‑based case‑control study in Sweden. Int. J. Cancer 87: 133‑140

El‑Habit, O. H., Saada, H. N., Azab, K. S., Abdel‑Rahman, M. & El‑Malah, D. F. (2000) The modifying effect of beta‑carotene on gamma radiation‑induced elevation of oxidative reactions and genotoxicity in male rats. Mutat. Res. 466: 179‑186

Essama‑Tjani, J. C., Guilland, J. C., Fuchs, F., Lombard, M. & Richard, D. (2000) Changes in thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, beta‑carotene, vitamins, C, A, D and E status of French Elderly Subjects during the first year of institutionalization. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 70: 54‑64

Facchini, F. S., Humphreys, M. H., DoNascimento, C. A., Abbasi, F. & Reaven, G. M. (2000) Relation between insulin resistance and plasma concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides, carotenoids, and tocopherols. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 72: 776‑779

Farmer, W. R. & Liao, J. C. (2000) Improving lycopene production in Escherichia coli by engineering metabolic control. Nat. Biotechnol. 18: 533‑537

Favaro, R. M. & de Oliveira, J. E. (1999) Enrichment of the diet with synthetic and natural sources of provitamin A. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49: 34S‑37S

Ferreira, A. L., Yeum, K. J., Liu, C., Smith, D., Krinsky, N. I., Wang, X. D. & Russell, R. M. (2000) Tissue distribution of lycopene in ferrets and rats after lycopene supplementation. J. Nutr. 130: 1256‑1260

Fito, M., Covas, M. I., Lamuela‑Raventos, R. M., Vila, J., de la Torre, C. & Marrugat, J. (2000) [Olive oil and inhibition of low density lipoprotein oxidation. Role of phenolic compounds]. Med. Clin. (Barc). 115: 166‑169

Froescheis, O., Moalli, S., Liechti, H. & Bausch, J. (2000) Determination of lycopene in tissues and plasma of rats by normal‑phase high‑performance liquid chromatography with photometric detection. J. Chromatogr. B. Biomed. Sci. Appl. 739: 291‑299

Fukumoto, L. R. & Mazza, G. (2000) Assessing antioxidant and prooxidant activities of phenolic compounds. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 3597‑3604

Fukuzawa, K. (2000) Singlet oxygen scavenging in phospholipid membranes. Methods Enzymol. 319: 101‑110

Furusho, T., Kataoka, E., Yasuhara, T., Wada, M. & Masushige, S. (2000) Retinol equivalence of carotenoids can be evaluated by hepatic vitamin A content. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 70: 43‑47

Gandini, S., Merzenich, H., Robertson, C. & Boyle, P. (2000) Meta‑analysis of studies on breast cancer risk and diet: the role of fruit and vegetable consumption and the intake of associated micronutrients. Eur. J. Cancer 36: 636‑646

Geerling, B. J., Badart‑Smook, A., Stockbrugger, R. W. & Brummer, R. J. (2000) Comprehensive nutritional status in recently diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with population controls. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 54: 514‑521

Gerber, M., Grolier, P., Saintot, M. & Borel, P. (2000) Re: Beta‑carotene: a miss for epidemiology [letter; comment]. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92: 1014‑1016

Goldstein, M. R. (2000) Effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis. Am. J. Med. 109: 72‑73

Goodman, G. E. (2000) Prevention of lung cancer. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 33: 187‑197

Gurfinkel, M., Thompson, A. B., Ralston, W., Troy, T. L., Moore, A. L., Moore, T. A., Gust, J. D., Tatman, D., Reynolds, J. S., Muggenburg, B., Nikula, K., Pandey, R., Mayer, R. H., Hawrysz, D. J. & Sevick‑Muraca, E. M. (2000) Pharmacokinetics of ICG and HPPH‑car for the detection of normal and tumor tissue using fluorescence, near‑infrared reflectance imaging: a case study. Photochem. Photobiol. 72: 94‑102.

Haegele, A. D., Gillette, C., O'neill, C., Wolfe, P., Heimendinger, J., Sedlacek, S. & Thompson, H. J. (2000) Plasma xanthophyll carotenoids correlate inversely with indices of oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers. Prev. 9: 421‑425

Hannibal, L., Lorquin, J., D'Ortoli, N. A., Garcia, N., Chaintreuil, C., Masson‑Boivin, C., Dreyfus, B. & Giraud, E. (2000) Isolation and characterization of canthaxanthin biosynthesis genes from the photosynthetic bacterium Bradyrhizobium sp. strain ORS278. J. Bacteriol. 182: 3850‑3853

Hansen, E. & Skibsted, L. H. (2000) Light‑induced oxidative changes in a model dairy spread. Wavelength dependence of quantum yields. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 3090‑3094

Hata, T. R., Scholz, T. A., Ermakov, I. V., McClane, R. W., Khachik, F., Gellermann, W. & Pershing, L. K. (2000) Non‑invasive raman spectroscopic detection of carotenoids in human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 115: 441‑448

Heber, D. (2000) Colorful cancer prevention: alpha‑carotene, lycopene, and lung cancer. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 72: 901‑902

Hebert, J. R., Gupta, P. C., Mehta, H., Ebbeling, C. B., Bhonsle, R. R. & Varghese, F. (2000) Sources of variability in dietary intake in two distinct regions of rural India: implications for nutrition study design and interpretation. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 54: 479‑486

Hornero‑Mendez, D., Gomez‑Ladron de Guevara, R. & Minguez‑Mosquera, M. I. (2000) Carotenoid biosynthesis changes in five red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars during ripening: cultivar selection for breeding. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 3857‑3864

Hu, G. & Cassano, P. A. (2000) Antioxidant nutrients and pulmonary function: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). Am. J. Epidemiol. 151: 975‑981

Hu, X., Jandacek, R. J. & White, W. S. (2000) Intestinal absorption of beta‑carotene ingested with a meal rich in sunflower oil or beef tallow: postprandial appearance in triacylglycerol‑rich lipoproteins in women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1170‑1180

Hughes, D. A., Wright, A. J., Finglas, P. M., Polley, A. C., Bailey, A. L., Astley, S. B. & Southon, S. (2000) Effects of lycopene and lutein supplementation on the expression of functionally associated surface molecules on blood monocytes from healthy male nonsmokers. J. Infect. Dis. 182 Suppl 1: S11‑S15

Iuchi, S., Kobayashi, M., Yamaguchi‑Shinozaki, K. & Shinozaki, K. (2000) A stress‑inducible gene for 9‑cis‑epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis under water stress in drought‑tolerant cowpea. Plant Physiol. 123: 553‑562

Jez, J. M. & Noel, J. P. (2000) A kaleidoscope of carotenoids [news]. Nat. Biotechnol. 18: 825‑826

Johnson, E. J., Hammond, B. R., Yeum, K. J., Qin, J., Wang, X. D., Castaneda, C., Snodderly, D. M. & Russell, R. M. (2000) Relation among serum and tissue concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin and macular pigment density. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1555‑1562

Jonat, W. (2000) [Nonhormonal prevention of breast cancer]. Med. Klin. 95 Suppl 1: 9‑13

Josse, E. M., Simkin, A. J., Gaffe, J., Laboure, A. M., Kuntz, M. & Carol, P. (2000) A plastid terminal oxidase associated with carotenoid desaturation during chromoplast differentiation. Plant Physiol. 123: 1427‑1436

Karas, M., Amir, H., Fishman, D., Danilenko, M., Segal, S., Nahum, A., Koifmann, A., Giat, Y., Levy, J. & Sharoni, Y. (2000) Lycopene interferes with cell cycle progression and insulin‑like growth factor I signaling in mammary cancer cells. Nutr. Cancer 36: 101‑111

Karg, E., Nemeth, I., Horanyi, M., Pinter, S., Vecsei, L. & Hollan, S. (2000) Diminished blood levels of reduced glutathione and alpha‑tocopherol in two triosephosphate isomerase‑deficient brothers. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 26: 91‑100

Karnaukhov, V. N. (2000) [Carotenoid functions‑‑a subject for the biophysical research]. Biofizika. 45: 364‑384

Katz, J., West, K. P.,Jr., Khatry, S. K., Pradhan, E. K., LeClerq, S. C., Christian, P., Wu, L. S., Adhikari, R. K., Shrestha, S. R. & Sommer, A. (2000) Maternal low‑dose vitamin A or beta‑carotene supplementation has no effect on fetal loss and early infant mortality: a randomized cluster trial in Nepal. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1570‑1576

Kennedy, C. M., Coutsoudis, A., Kuhn, L., Pillay, K., Mburu, A., Stein, Z. & Coovadia, H. (2000) Randomized controlled trial assessing the effect of vitamin A supplementation on maternal morbidity during pregnancy and postpartum among HIV‑infected women. J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. 24: 37‑44

Kersting, M., Alexy, U. & Sichert‑Hellert, W. (2000) Vitamin intake of 1‑ to 18‑year‑old German children and adolescents in the light of various recommendations. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 70: 48‑53

Kim, H. W., Chew, B. P., Wong, T. S., Park, J. S., Weng, B. B., Byrne, K. M., Hayek, M. G. & Reinhart, G. A. (2000) Dietary lutein stimulates immune response in the canine. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 74: 315‑327

Kimura, M. & Rodriguez‑Amaya, D. B. (1999) Sources of errors in the quantitative analysis of food carotenoids by HPLC. Arch. Latinoam. Nutr. 49: 58S‑66S

Konovalova, T. A., Kispert, L. D., Polyakov, N. E. & Leshina, T. V. (2000) EPR spin trapping detection of carbon‑centered carotenoid and beta‑ionone radicals. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 28: 1030‑1038

Krubasik, P. & Sandmann, G. (2000) A carotenogenic gene cluster from Brevibacterium linens with novel lycopene cyclase genes involved in the synthesis of aromatic carotenoids. Mol. Gen. Genet. 263: 423‑432

Kudlova, E. (2000) [Beta carotene in the prevention of civilization‑related diseases]. Cas. Lek. Cesk. 139: 86‑87

Lahoz Rallo, C., Pena Valverde, R. & Mostaza Prieto, J. M. (2000) [Should antioxidants be recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases?]. Rev. Clin. Esp. 200: 212‑217

Lavine, J. B. (2000) Lutein supplementation or green vegetables [letter; comment]. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1210‑1211

Lee, J. J., Hong, W. K., Hittelman, W. N., Mao, L., Lotan, R., Shin, D. M., Benner, S. E., Xu, X. C., Lee, J. S., Papadimitrakopoulou, V. M., Geyer, C., Perez, C., Martin, J. W., El‑Naggar, A. K. & Lippman, S. M. (2000) Predicting cancer development in oral leukoplakia: ten years of translational research. Clin. Cancer Res. 2000. May;6(5):1702‑10. 6: 1702‑1710

Leonardi, C., Ambrosino, P., Esposito, F. & Fogliano, V. (2000) Antioxidative activity and carotenoid and tomatine contents in different typologies of fresh consumption tomatoes. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 4723‑4727

Liang, C., Rounds, N. K., Dong, E., Stevens, S. Y., Shite, J. & Qin, F. (2000) Alterations by norepinephrine of cardiac sympathetic nerve terminal function and myocardial beta‑adrenergic receptor sensitivity in the ferret: normalization by antioxidant vitamins. Circulation 102: 96‑103

Liao, K. & Yin, M. (2000) Individual and combined antioxidant effects of seven phenolic agents in human erythrocyte membrane ghosts and phosphatidylcholine liposome systems: importance of the partition coefficient. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48: 2266‑2270

Lin, S., Quaroni, L., White, W. S., Cotton, T. & Chumanov, G. (2000) Localization of carotenoids in plasma low‑density lipoproteins studied by surface‑enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy. Biopolymers 57: 249‑256

Lin, Y., Dueker, S. R., Burri, B. J., Neidlinger, T. R. & Clifford, A. J. (2000) Variability of the conversion of beta‑carotene to vitamin A in women measured by using a double‑tracer study design. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71: 1545‑1554

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